mirror of
https://github.com/bellingcat/RS4OSINT.git
synced 2026-06-08 03:28:36 +03:00
544 lines
24 KiB
HTML
544 lines
24 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><head>
|
||
|
||
<meta charset="utf-8">
|
||
<meta name="generator" content="quarto-1.2.269">
|
||
|
||
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=yes">
|
||
|
||
<meta name="author" content="Dr. Ollie Ballinger">
|
||
<meta name="dcterms.date" content="2022-10-06">
|
||
|
||
<title>Google Earth Engine for OSINT</title>
|
||
<style>
|
||
code{white-space: pre-wrap;}
|
||
span.smallcaps{font-variant: small-caps;}
|
||
div.columns{display: flex; gap: min(4vw, 1.5em);}
|
||
div.column{flex: auto; overflow-x: auto;}
|
||
div.hanging-indent{margin-left: 1.5em; text-indent: -1.5em;}
|
||
ul.task-list{list-style: none;}
|
||
ul.task-list li input[type="checkbox"] {
|
||
width: 0.8em;
|
||
margin: 0 0.8em 0.2em -1.6em;
|
||
vertical-align: middle;
|
||
}
|
||
</style>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<script src="site_libs/quarto-nav/quarto-nav.js"></script>
|
||
<script src="site_libs/quarto-nav/headroom.min.js"></script>
|
||
<script src="site_libs/clipboard/clipboard.min.js"></script>
|
||
<script src="site_libs/quarto-search/autocomplete.umd.js"></script>
|
||
<script src="site_libs/quarto-search/fuse.min.js"></script>
|
||
<script src="site_libs/quarto-search/quarto-search.js"></script>
|
||
<meta name="quarto:offset" content="./">
|
||
<link href="./ch1.html" rel="next">
|
||
<script src="site_libs/quarto-html/quarto.js"></script>
|
||
<script src="site_libs/quarto-html/popper.min.js"></script>
|
||
<script src="site_libs/quarto-html/tippy.umd.min.js"></script>
|
||
<script src="site_libs/quarto-html/anchor.min.js"></script>
|
||
<link href="site_libs/quarto-html/tippy.css" rel="stylesheet">
|
||
<link href="site_libs/quarto-html/quarto-syntax-highlighting.css" rel="stylesheet" class="quarto-color-scheme" id="quarto-text-highlighting-styles">
|
||
<link href="site_libs/quarto-html/quarto-syntax-highlighting-dark.css" rel="stylesheet" class="quarto-color-scheme quarto-color-alternate" id="quarto-text-highlighting-styles">
|
||
<script src="site_libs/bootstrap/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
|
||
<link href="site_libs/bootstrap/bootstrap-icons.css" rel="stylesheet">
|
||
<link href="site_libs/bootstrap/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" class="quarto-color-scheme" id="quarto-bootstrap" data-mode="light">
|
||
<link href="site_libs/bootstrap/bootstrap-dark.min.css" rel="stylesheet" class="quarto-color-scheme quarto-color-alternate" id="quarto-bootstrap" data-mode="dark">
|
||
<script id="quarto-search-options" type="application/json">{
|
||
"location": "sidebar",
|
||
"copy-button": false,
|
||
"collapse-after": 3,
|
||
"panel-placement": "start",
|
||
"type": "textbox",
|
||
"limit": 20,
|
||
"language": {
|
||
"search-no-results-text": "No results",
|
||
"search-matching-documents-text": "matching documents",
|
||
"search-copy-link-title": "Copy link to search",
|
||
"search-hide-matches-text": "Hide additional matches",
|
||
"search-more-match-text": "more match in this document",
|
||
"search-more-matches-text": "more matches in this document",
|
||
"search-clear-button-title": "Clear",
|
||
"search-detached-cancel-button-title": "Cancel",
|
||
"search-submit-button-title": "Submit"
|
||
}
|
||
}</script>
|
||
<script async="" src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-RK9ZLZQ6GL"></script>
|
||
|
||
<script type="text/javascript">
|
||
|
||
window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];
|
||
function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);}
|
||
gtag('js', new Date());
|
||
gtag('config', 'G-RK9ZLZQ6GL', { 'anonymize_ip': true});
|
||
</script>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</head>
|
||
|
||
<body class="nav-sidebar floating">
|
||
|
||
<div id="quarto-search-results"></div>
|
||
<header id="quarto-header" class="headroom fixed-top">
|
||
<nav class="quarto-secondary-nav" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#quarto-sidebar" aria-controls="quarto-sidebar" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle sidebar navigation" onclick="if (window.quartoToggleHeadroom) { window.quartoToggleHeadroom(); }">
|
||
<div class="container-fluid d-flex justify-content-between">
|
||
<h1 class="quarto-secondary-nav-title">Google Earth Engine for OSINT</h1>
|
||
<button type="button" class="quarto-btn-toggle btn" aria-label="Show secondary navigation">
|
||
<i class="bi bi-chevron-right"></i>
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
</header>
|
||
<!-- content -->
|
||
<div id="quarto-content" class="quarto-container page-columns page-rows-contents page-layout-article">
|
||
<!-- sidebar -->
|
||
<nav id="quarto-sidebar" class="sidebar collapse sidebar-navigation floating overflow-auto">
|
||
<div class="pt-lg-2 mt-2 text-left sidebar-header sidebar-header-stacked">
|
||
<a href="./index.html" class="sidebar-logo-link">
|
||
<img src="./logo_white.png" alt="" class="sidebar-logo py-0 d-lg-inline d-none">
|
||
</a>
|
||
<div class="sidebar-title mb-0 py-0">
|
||
<a href="./">Google Earth Engine for OSINT</a>
|
||
<div class="sidebar-tools-main tools-wide">
|
||
<a href="https://github.com/oballinger/GEE_OSINT/" title="Source Code" class="sidebar-tool px-1"><i class="bi bi-github"></i></a>
|
||
<a href="" title="Download" id="sidebar-tool-dropdown-0" class="sidebar-tool dropdown-toggle px-1" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false"><i class="bi bi-download"></i></a>
|
||
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="sidebar-tool-dropdown-0">
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a class="dropdown-item sidebar-tools-main-item" href="./Google-Earth-Engine-for-OSINT.pdf">
|
||
<i class="bi bi-bi-file-pdf pe-1"></i>
|
||
Download PDF
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a class="dropdown-item sidebar-tools-main-item" href="./Google-Earth-Engine-for-OSINT.epub">
|
||
<i class="bi bi-bi-journal pe-1"></i>
|
||
Download ePub
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<a href="" title="Share" id="sidebar-tool-dropdown-1" class="sidebar-tool dropdown-toggle px-1" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false"><i class="bi bi-share"></i></a>
|
||
<ul class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="sidebar-tool-dropdown-1">
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a class="dropdown-item sidebar-tools-main-item" href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=|url|">
|
||
<i class="bi bi-bi-twitter pe-1"></i>
|
||
Twitter
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a class="dropdown-item sidebar-tools-main-item" href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=|url|">
|
||
<i class="bi bi-bi-facebook pe-1"></i>
|
||
Facebook
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<a href="" class="quarto-color-scheme-toggle sidebar-tool" onclick="window.quartoToggleColorScheme(); return false;" title="Toggle dark mode"><i class="bi"></i></a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="mt-2 flex-shrink-0 align-items-center">
|
||
<div class="sidebar-search">
|
||
<div id="quarto-search" class="" title="Search"></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="sidebar-menu-container">
|
||
<ul class="list-unstyled mt-1">
|
||
<li class="sidebar-item">
|
||
<div class="sidebar-item-container">
|
||
<a href="./index.html" class="sidebar-item-text sidebar-link active">Introduction</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="sidebar-item sidebar-item-section">
|
||
<div class="sidebar-item-container">
|
||
<a class="sidebar-item-text sidebar-link text-start" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#quarto-sidebar-section-1" aria-expanded="true">Learning</a>
|
||
<a class="sidebar-item-toggle text-start" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#quarto-sidebar-section-1" aria-expanded="true">
|
||
<i class="bi bi-chevron-right ms-2"></i>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<ul id="quarto-sidebar-section-1" class="collapse list-unstyled sidebar-section depth1 show">
|
||
<li class="sidebar-item">
|
||
<div class="sidebar-item-container">
|
||
<a href="./ch1.html" class="sidebar-item-text sidebar-link"><span class="chapter-number">1</span> <span class="chapter-title">Remote Sensing</span></a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="sidebar-item">
|
||
<div class="sidebar-item-container">
|
||
<a href="./ch2.html" class="sidebar-item-text sidebar-link"><span class="chapter-number">2</span> <span class="chapter-title">Data Acquisition</span></a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="sidebar-item">
|
||
<div class="sidebar-item-container">
|
||
<a href="./ch3.html" class="sidebar-item-text sidebar-link"><span class="chapter-number">3</span> <span class="chapter-title">Algorithms</span></a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="sidebar-item">
|
||
<div class="sidebar-item-container">
|
||
<a href="./ch4.html" class="sidebar-item-text sidebar-link"><span class="chapter-number">4</span> <span class="chapter-title">Application Development</span></a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="sidebar-item sidebar-item-section">
|
||
<div class="sidebar-item-container">
|
||
<a class="sidebar-item-text sidebar-link text-start" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#quarto-sidebar-section-2" aria-expanded="true">Case Studies</a>
|
||
<a class="sidebar-item-toggle text-start" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#quarto-sidebar-section-2" aria-expanded="true">
|
||
<i class="bi bi-chevron-right ms-2"></i>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<ul id="quarto-sidebar-section-2" class="collapse list-unstyled sidebar-section depth1 show">
|
||
<li class="sidebar-item">
|
||
<div class="sidebar-item-container">
|
||
<a href="./SyriaNTL.html" class="sidebar-item-text sidebar-link">War at Night</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="sidebar-item">
|
||
<div class="sidebar-item-container">
|
||
<a href="./RojavaRefineries.html" class="sidebar-item-text sidebar-link">Refinery Detection</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
<!-- margin-sidebar -->
|
||
<div id="quarto-margin-sidebar" class="sidebar margin-sidebar">
|
||
<nav id="TOC" role="doc-toc" class="toc-active">
|
||
<h2 id="toc-title">Table of contents</h2>
|
||
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><a href="#introduction" id="toc-introduction" class="nav-link active" data-scroll-target="#introduction">Introduction</a>
|
||
<ul class="collapse">
|
||
<li><a href="#table-of-contents" id="toc-table-of-contents" class="nav-link" data-scroll-target="#table-of-contents">Table of Contents</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#what-is-google-earth-engine" id="toc-what-is-google-earth-engine" class="nav-link" data-scroll-target="#what-is-google-earth-engine">What is Google Earth Engine?</a></li>
|
||
</ul></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<div class="toc-actions"><div><i class="bi bi-github"></i></div><div class="action-links"><p><a href="https://github.com/oballinger/GEE_OSINT/edit/main/index.qmd" class="toc-action">Edit this page</a></p></div></div></nav>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<!-- main -->
|
||
<main class="content" id="quarto-document-content">
|
||
|
||
<header id="title-block-header" class="quarto-title-block default">
|
||
<div class="quarto-title">
|
||
<h1 class="title d-none d-lg-block">Google Earth Engine for OSINT</h1>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="quarto-title-meta">
|
||
|
||
<div>
|
||
<div class="quarto-title-meta-heading">Author</div>
|
||
<div class="quarto-title-meta-contents">
|
||
<p><a href="https://oballinger.github.io">Dr. Ollie Ballinger</a> </p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div>
|
||
<div class="quarto-title-meta-heading">Published</div>
|
||
<div class="quarto-title-meta-contents">
|
||
<p class="date">October 6, 2022</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</header>
|
||
|
||
<section id="introduction" class="level1 unnumbered">
|
||
<h1 class="unnumbered">Introduction</h1>
|
||
<p>The analysis of satellite imagery is a foundational element of open source investigations. In the past decade, the quantity, quality, and availability thereof has increased dramatically. Capabilities and insights that were once only available to governments are now accessible to the general public. Satellite imagery is being used to collect evidence of genocide and other war crimes in <a href="https://www.nbcnews.com/science/science-news/ukraine-satellites-war-crimes-rcna26291">Ukraine</a>, <a href="https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2016/04/nigeria-military-cover-up-of-mass-slaughter-at-zaria-exposed/">Nigeria</a>, <a href="https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2016/01/burundi-satellite-evidence-supports-witness-accounts-of-mass-graves/">Burundi</a>, <a href="https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2021/07/cameroon-satellite-images-reveal-devastation-in-anglophone-regions-2/">Cameroon</a>, <a href="https://www.aaas.org/resources/satellite-imagery-assessment-forced-relocations-near-luiswishi-mine">the DRC</a>, <a href="https://gsp.yale.edu/case-studies/sudan/maps-satellite-images/other-darfur-satellite-imagery">South Sudan</a>, <a href="https://gsp.yale.edu/resources/maps-satellite-images/papua">Papua</a>, and <a href="https://www.hrw.org/report/2016/04/04/unchecked-power/police-and-military-raids-low-income-and-immigrant-communities">Venezuela</a>. It has been used to <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/mar/02/new-satellite-mapping-a-game-changer-against-illegal-logging">monitor environmental degradation</a> and hold extractive industries to account from <a href="https://www.bellingcat.com/resources/2021/04/15/what-oil-satellite-technology-and-iraq-can-tell-us-about-pollution/">Iraq</a> to <a href="https://www.planet.com/pulse/the-observatory-of-extractive-industries-oie-shines-a-light-on-the-mining-industry-using-planets-satellite-data/">Guatemala</a>. The ability to analyze satellite imagery is a critical skill for anyone interested in open source investigations.</p>
|
||
<p>Though no-code platforms such as Sentinelhub have been invaluable in allowing the OSINT community to access and process satellite imagery, the analytical capabilities of these platforms are limited. <a href="https://earthengine.google.com/#intro">Google Earth Engine (GEE)</a> is a cloud-based platform that stores petabytes of satellite imagery from a variety of sources and allows users to perform advanced analyses on Google servers for free using a browser-based interface. This textbook is designed for investigators who want to perform more sophisticated analysis using geospatial data, and assumes no prior knowledge of coding or remote sensing (satellite imagery analysis). It is organized into two parts– an introduction to remote sensing and GEE, and a series of case studies that demonstrate how to use GEE for open source investigations:</p>
|
||
<section id="table-of-contents" class="level2">
|
||
<h2 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="table-of-contents">Table of Contents</h2>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Learning
|
||
<ol type="1">
|
||
<li><a href="./ch1.html">Remote Sensing</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="./ch2.html">Data Acquisition</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="./ch3.html">Algorithms</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="./ch4.html">Application Development</a></li>
|
||
</ol></li>
|
||
<li>Case Studies
|
||
<ol type="1">
|
||
<li><a href="./SyriaNTL.html">War at Night</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="./RojavaRefineries.html">Refinery Detection</a></li>
|
||
</ol></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="what-is-google-earth-engine" class="level2">
|
||
<h2 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="what-is-google-earth-engine">What is Google Earth Engine?</h2>
|
||
<p>As geospatial datasets—particularly satellite imagery collections—increase in size, researchers are increasingly relying on cloud computing platforms such as Google Earth Engine (GEE) to analyze vast quantities of data.</p>
|
||
<p>GEE is free and allows users to write open-source code that can be run by others in one click, thereby yielding fully reproducible results. These features have put GEE on the cutting edge of scientific research. The following plot visualizes the number of journal articles conducted using different geospatial analysis software platforms:</p>
|
||
<p><img src="../images/WoS Articles.png" class="img-fluid"></p>
|
||
<p>Despite only being released in 2015, the number of geospatial journal articles using Google Earth Engine (shown in red above) has outpaced every other major geospatial analysis software, including ArcGIS, Python, and R in just five years. By storing and running computations on google servers, GEE is far more accessible to those who don’t have significant local computational resources; all you need is an internet connection.</p>
|
||
<p>GEE applications have been developed and used to present interactive geospatial data visualizations by NGOs, Universities, the United Nations, and the European Commission.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</section>
|
||
</section>
|
||
|
||
</main> <!-- /main -->
|
||
<script id="quarto-html-after-body" type="application/javascript">
|
||
window.document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function (event) {
|
||
const toggleBodyColorMode = (bsSheetEl) => {
|
||
const mode = bsSheetEl.getAttribute("data-mode");
|
||
const bodyEl = window.document.querySelector("body");
|
||
if (mode === "dark") {
|
||
bodyEl.classList.add("quarto-dark");
|
||
bodyEl.classList.remove("quarto-light");
|
||
} else {
|
||
bodyEl.classList.add("quarto-light");
|
||
bodyEl.classList.remove("quarto-dark");
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
const toggleBodyColorPrimary = () => {
|
||
const bsSheetEl = window.document.querySelector("link#quarto-bootstrap");
|
||
if (bsSheetEl) {
|
||
toggleBodyColorMode(bsSheetEl);
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
toggleBodyColorPrimary();
|
||
const disableStylesheet = (stylesheets) => {
|
||
for (let i=0; i < stylesheets.length; i++) {
|
||
const stylesheet = stylesheets[i];
|
||
stylesheet.rel = 'prefetch';
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
const enableStylesheet = (stylesheets) => {
|
||
for (let i=0; i < stylesheets.length; i++) {
|
||
const stylesheet = stylesheets[i];
|
||
stylesheet.rel = 'stylesheet';
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
const manageTransitions = (selector, allowTransitions) => {
|
||
const els = window.document.querySelectorAll(selector);
|
||
for (let i=0; i < els.length; i++) {
|
||
const el = els[i];
|
||
if (allowTransitions) {
|
||
el.classList.remove('notransition');
|
||
} else {
|
||
el.classList.add('notransition');
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
const toggleColorMode = (alternate) => {
|
||
// Switch the stylesheets
|
||
const alternateStylesheets = window.document.querySelectorAll('link.quarto-color-scheme.quarto-color-alternate');
|
||
manageTransitions('#quarto-margin-sidebar .nav-link', false);
|
||
if (alternate) {
|
||
enableStylesheet(alternateStylesheets);
|
||
for (const sheetNode of alternateStylesheets) {
|
||
if (sheetNode.id === "quarto-bootstrap") {
|
||
toggleBodyColorMode(sheetNode);
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
} else {
|
||
disableStylesheet(alternateStylesheets);
|
||
toggleBodyColorPrimary();
|
||
}
|
||
manageTransitions('#quarto-margin-sidebar .nav-link', true);
|
||
// Switch the toggles
|
||
const toggles = window.document.querySelectorAll('.quarto-color-scheme-toggle');
|
||
for (let i=0; i < toggles.length; i++) {
|
||
const toggle = toggles[i];
|
||
if (toggle) {
|
||
if (alternate) {
|
||
toggle.classList.add("alternate");
|
||
} else {
|
||
toggle.classList.remove("alternate");
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
// Hack to workaround the fact that safari doesn't
|
||
// properly recolor the scrollbar when toggling (#1455)
|
||
if (navigator.userAgent.indexOf('Safari') > 0 && navigator.userAgent.indexOf('Chrome') == -1) {
|
||
manageTransitions("body", false);
|
||
window.scrollTo(0, 1);
|
||
setTimeout(() => {
|
||
window.scrollTo(0, 0);
|
||
manageTransitions("body", true);
|
||
}, 40);
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
const isFileUrl = () => {
|
||
return window.location.protocol === 'file:';
|
||
}
|
||
const hasAlternateSentinel = () => {
|
||
let styleSentinel = getColorSchemeSentinel();
|
||
if (styleSentinel !== null) {
|
||
return styleSentinel === "alternate";
|
||
} else {
|
||
return false;
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
const setStyleSentinel = (alternate) => {
|
||
const value = alternate ? "alternate" : "default";
|
||
if (!isFileUrl()) {
|
||
window.localStorage.setItem("quarto-color-scheme", value);
|
||
} else {
|
||
localAlternateSentinel = value;
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
const getColorSchemeSentinel = () => {
|
||
if (!isFileUrl()) {
|
||
const storageValue = window.localStorage.getItem("quarto-color-scheme");
|
||
return storageValue != null ? storageValue : localAlternateSentinel;
|
||
} else {
|
||
return localAlternateSentinel;
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
let localAlternateSentinel = 'alternate';
|
||
// Dark / light mode switch
|
||
window.quartoToggleColorScheme = () => {
|
||
// Read the current dark / light value
|
||
let toAlternate = !hasAlternateSentinel();
|
||
toggleColorMode(toAlternate);
|
||
setStyleSentinel(toAlternate);
|
||
};
|
||
// Ensure there is a toggle, if there isn't float one in the top right
|
||
if (window.document.querySelector('.quarto-color-scheme-toggle') === null) {
|
||
const a = window.document.createElement('a');
|
||
a.classList.add('top-right');
|
||
a.classList.add('quarto-color-scheme-toggle');
|
||
a.href = "";
|
||
a.onclick = function() { try { window.quartoToggleColorScheme(); } catch {} return false; };
|
||
const i = window.document.createElement("i");
|
||
i.classList.add('bi');
|
||
a.appendChild(i);
|
||
window.document.body.appendChild(a);
|
||
}
|
||
// Switch to dark mode if need be
|
||
if (hasAlternateSentinel()) {
|
||
toggleColorMode(true);
|
||
} else {
|
||
toggleColorMode(false);
|
||
}
|
||
const icon = "";
|
||
const anchorJS = new window.AnchorJS();
|
||
anchorJS.options = {
|
||
placement: 'right',
|
||
icon: icon
|
||
};
|
||
anchorJS.add('.anchored');
|
||
const clipboard = new window.ClipboardJS('.code-copy-button', {
|
||
target: function(trigger) {
|
||
return trigger.previousElementSibling;
|
||
}
|
||
});
|
||
clipboard.on('success', function(e) {
|
||
// button target
|
||
const button = e.trigger;
|
||
// don't keep focus
|
||
button.blur();
|
||
// flash "checked"
|
||
button.classList.add('code-copy-button-checked');
|
||
var currentTitle = button.getAttribute("title");
|
||
button.setAttribute("title", "Copied!");
|
||
let tooltip;
|
||
if (window.bootstrap) {
|
||
button.setAttribute("data-bs-toggle", "tooltip");
|
||
button.setAttribute("data-bs-placement", "left");
|
||
button.setAttribute("data-bs-title", "Copied!");
|
||
tooltip = new bootstrap.Tooltip(button,
|
||
{ trigger: "manual",
|
||
customClass: "code-copy-button-tooltip",
|
||
offset: [0, -8]});
|
||
tooltip.show();
|
||
}
|
||
setTimeout(function() {
|
||
if (tooltip) {
|
||
tooltip.hide();
|
||
button.removeAttribute("data-bs-title");
|
||
button.removeAttribute("data-bs-toggle");
|
||
button.removeAttribute("data-bs-placement");
|
||
}
|
||
button.setAttribute("title", currentTitle);
|
||
button.classList.remove('code-copy-button-checked');
|
||
}, 1000);
|
||
// clear code selection
|
||
e.clearSelection();
|
||
});
|
||
function tippyHover(el, contentFn) {
|
||
const config = {
|
||
allowHTML: true,
|
||
content: contentFn,
|
||
maxWidth: 500,
|
||
delay: 100,
|
||
arrow: false,
|
||
appendTo: function(el) {
|
||
return el.parentElement;
|
||
},
|
||
interactive: true,
|
||
interactiveBorder: 10,
|
||
theme: 'quarto',
|
||
placement: 'bottom-start'
|
||
};
|
||
window.tippy(el, config);
|
||
}
|
||
const noterefs = window.document.querySelectorAll('a[role="doc-noteref"]');
|
||
for (var i=0; i<noterefs.length; i++) {
|
||
const ref = noterefs[i];
|
||
tippyHover(ref, function() {
|
||
// use id or data attribute instead here
|
||
let href = ref.getAttribute('data-footnote-href') || ref.getAttribute('href');
|
||
try { href = new URL(href).hash; } catch {}
|
||
const id = href.replace(/^#\/?/, "");
|
||
const note = window.document.getElementById(id);
|
||
return note.innerHTML;
|
||
});
|
||
}
|
||
const findCites = (el) => {
|
||
const parentEl = el.parentElement;
|
||
if (parentEl) {
|
||
const cites = parentEl.dataset.cites;
|
||
if (cites) {
|
||
return {
|
||
el,
|
||
cites: cites.split(' ')
|
||
};
|
||
} else {
|
||
return findCites(el.parentElement)
|
||
}
|
||
} else {
|
||
return undefined;
|
||
}
|
||
};
|
||
var bibliorefs = window.document.querySelectorAll('a[role="doc-biblioref"]');
|
||
for (var i=0; i<bibliorefs.length; i++) {
|
||
const ref = bibliorefs[i];
|
||
const citeInfo = findCites(ref);
|
||
if (citeInfo) {
|
||
tippyHover(citeInfo.el, function() {
|
||
var popup = window.document.createElement('div');
|
||
citeInfo.cites.forEach(function(cite) {
|
||
var citeDiv = window.document.createElement('div');
|
||
citeDiv.classList.add('hanging-indent');
|
||
citeDiv.classList.add('csl-entry');
|
||
var biblioDiv = window.document.getElementById('ref-' + cite);
|
||
if (biblioDiv) {
|
||
citeDiv.innerHTML = biblioDiv.innerHTML;
|
||
}
|
||
popup.appendChild(citeDiv);
|
||
});
|
||
return popup.innerHTML;
|
||
});
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
});
|
||
</script>
|
||
<nav class="page-navigation">
|
||
<div class="nav-page nav-page-previous">
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="nav-page nav-page-next">
|
||
<a href="./ch1.html" class="pagination-link">
|
||
<span class="nav-page-text"><span class="chapter-number">1</span> <span class="chapter-title">Remote Sensing</span></span> <i class="bi bi-arrow-right-short"></i>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
</div> <!-- /content -->
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</body></html> |